Cluj Veterinary Journal
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description: Aim and Scope Cluj Veterinary Journal (ISSN:2066-9399) is a peer-reviewed, open-access international journal dedicated to publishing original research articles, reviews, communications, and short notes relevant to any veterinary field sciences, including prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, disorder, and injury in animals. The frequency of publication: three-time per year CVJ does not charge publication fees. Subject Areas This journal covers almost all topics related to animal health and veterinary medicine. Research fields of interest include but are not limited to: anaesthesiology anatomy animal breeding and husbandry animal production bacteriology biochemistry cardiology dentistry dermatology embryology endocrinology ethopathology and behavior epidemiology food hygiene and safety genetics histology immunology microbiology molecular biology mycology neurobiology oncology ophthalmology parasitology pathology pharmacology physiology radiology and medical imaging surgery theriogenology toxicology virology Each paper published in Cluj Veterinary Journal is assigned a DOI number. The online published articles can be cited using the format widget available on the website. Make New Submission
publisher: SRVNNMC-NeuroVet
language: en
publication name: Cluj Veterinary Journal
issn: 2066-9399
items: Histopathological evaluation of experimentally induced volumetric muscle loss in rats
items: Decoding the Glycan Signature of Hyalinized Pancreatic Carcinoma in Dogs: Histochemical and Lectin-Based Evidence of Extracellular Matrix Heterogeneity
items: Comparative Efficacy of Combined Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy with ESWT/Hydrotherapy in Equine Superficial Digital Flexor Tendinopathy: A Prospective Clinical Trial
items: Occurrence of Ozobranchus margoi (Hirudinea), an Important Sea Turtle Ectoparasite, on a Caretta caretta Individual at Kızılot Beach, Antalya
items: Septic Osteitis and Osseous Sequestration of the Distal Phalanx Associated with a Coronary Band Lesion in a Draft Horse: Clinical, Radiographic and Surgical Findings
items: Cervical Infectious Panniculitis in a Dog: Successful Treatment with En Bloc Excision including Jugular Vein Resection and Omentopexy
items: Frequency of Favorable Alleles for Meat Quality, Litter Size, Adaptation, and Growth Traits in Closed Nucleus Population of Philippine Native Swine (Sus philippensis var. markaduke)
items: Histological Evaluation of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Response to Direct Contact with Titanium Screw Surface in a Rabbit Model
items: Minimally Invasive Occlusion of Canine Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Technical Aspects and Clinical Outcomes from the first experience in Veterinary Medicine in Romania
items: Spectrofluorimetric investigations of urine in cats diagnosed with renal disorders
items: Hepato and nephroprotective effects of aqueous extract of Citrullus lanatus (Linn.) juice in gentamicin-overdosed commercial broiler chickens
items: Intramammary bacterial profile and its impact on the number and differential distribution of somatic cells in the context of drying off in dairy cows
items: Symmetric Dimethylarginine (SDMA) as a Predictor of Anemia in Early Canine Kidney Dysfunction
items: A Comparative Evaluation of the Anesthetic Efficacy and Hepatic Safety of Tiletamine-Zolazepam and Ketamine-Diazepam in New Zealand White Rabbits
items: Integration of Differential and Total Somatic Cell Counts for Udder Health Classification: Association with Milk Lactose Concentration
items: Impact of early phytobiotic and prebiotic supplementation on growth performance trajectories in broiler chickens: a time × treatment interaction study
items: Emerging Biomarkers in Canine Glaucoma: Insights into Clinical, Genetic, Oxidative, and Inflammatory Pathways
items: Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty for management of pulmonic stenosis in four dogs: First experience in Veterinary Medicine in Romania
items: Evaluation of Reproductive Status in Romanian Buffalo Farms Using Ultrasonographic Monitoring
items: Evaluation of 14-3-3σ as a Prognostic Marker in Canine Mammary Tumors
items: Effect of partial substitution of prickly pear seed meal (Opuntia ficus indica L.) on serum biochemical parameters and intestinal microbiota in broiler chickens
items: The First Spermatological Examination of New Commercial Fish Species of the Mediterranean: Randall’s Threadfin Bream, Nemipterus randalli Russell, 1986
items: The Impact of Colostrum on Immune System Development in Newborn Lambs
items: The impact of oxidative stress on growth performance and metabolic health in broiler chickens
items: Effects of whey and yogurt administration on piglet growth, health, and survival during the first 21 days of life
items: Pathological findings of an eye anomaly in Randall's threadfin bream Nemipterus randalli Russell, 1986 from the Mediterranean Sea (Antalya Gulf-Türkiye)
items: Epidemiology of gastrointestinal proliferative neoplastic-like lesions and tumors in dogs and cats: a retrospective study in two Romanian reference laboratories
items: Melatonin protects rats against bisphenol A-induced testicular dysfunction through the upregulation of α-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and S-100 proteins
items: Concurrent Adrenal and Pituitary Adenomas in a Dog: A Case Report of Cushing's Disease
items: Case Report Endovascular single-chamber pacemaker implantation using active fixation in a 8 years old Dogue de Bordeaux with presumed Persistent Atrial Standstill: the first case documented in Romania

Histopathological evaluation of experimentally induced volumetric muscle loss in rats
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description: Unlike minor muscle injuries, which can heal through the activation of resident satellite cells, VML injuries involve the removal of large tissue volumes and disruption of the extracellular matrix architecture required for effective regeneration. Consequently, the healing process is often dominated by fibrosis, chronic inflammation, and incomplete muscle regeneration. To overcome these limitations, considerable attention has been directed toward the development of biomimetic scaffolds and regenerative therapies designed to restore both the structural organization and functional properties of skeletal muscle. Understanding the histopathological changes associated with VML is therefore crucial for assessing tissue repair and for developing effective treatment strategies capable of improving muscle recovery and functional outcomes.
subject: Articles
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subject: Surgery
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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subject: Anatomy and pathology
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creator: Andreea A. Zăvoi
creator: Alexandra Dreancă
creator: Klara Magyari
creator: Andrada Negoescu
creator: Liviu Oana
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Andreea A. Zăvoi, Alexandra Dreancă, Klara Magyari, Andrada Negoescu, Liviu Oana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-05-20
publication date: 2026-05-20
doi: 10.52331/v31i3dw89

Decoding the Glycan Signature of Hyalinized Pancreatic Carcinoma in Dogs: Histochemical and Lectin-Based Evidence of Extracellular Matrix Heterogeneity
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description: Hyalinizing pancreatic carcinoma in dogs is a rare tumor characterized by abundant eosinophilic extracellular material of uncertain composition. The aim of this study was to characterize the nature of hyaline deposits using histochemical and lectin-based methods. Pancreatic tissues from three dogs (two Boxers and one American Staffordshire Terrier) were examined following necropsy. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s Trichrome, and Congo Red, and analyzed using lectin histochemistry (SNA, PHA-L, ECL). All cases showed similar architecture, with neoplastic epithelial cells embedded in abundant hyaline stroma. Masson’s Trichrome demonstrated collagen-rich deposits in all cases. Congo Red staining revealed heterogeneity, with negative staining in two cases and weak to transitional positivity in one case, interpreted as equivocal and not sufficient to confirm amyloid deposition. Lectin histochemistry showed variable glycosylation patterns among tumors. These findings indicate that hyaline in canine pancreatic carcinoma is not a uniform entity, but a heterogeneous extracellular material composed predominantly of collagen-rich stroma and glycoprotein-associated matrix, with inter-case biochemical variability. Combined histochemical and lectin-based approaches provide additional insight into the molecular complexity of these lesions.
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creator: Ecaterina Semzenisi
creator: Corina Toma
creator: Haralambie Mara
creator: Dragoș Hodor
creator: Romelia Pop
creator: Sorana Cătoi
creator: Ibrahima Mamadou Sall
creator: Alexia Teodora-Hoța
creator: Alexandru Flaviu-Tăbaran
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ecaterina Semzenisi, Corina Toma, Haralambie Mara, Dragoș Hodor, Romelia Pop, Sorana Cătoi, Ibrahima Mamadou Sall, Alexia Teodora-Hoța, Alexandru Flaviu-Tăbaran https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-05-20
publication date: 2026-05-20
doi: 10.52331/v31i3xh43

Comparative Efficacy of Combined Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy with ESWT/Hydrotherapy in Equine Superficial Digital Flexor Tendinopathy: A Prospective Clinical Trial
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description: Equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) tendinopathy is a frequent cause of reduced athletic performance and prolonged lameness in sport horses, characterized by limited intrinsic healing capacity, fibrosis, and high recurrence rates after return to exercise. Regenerative and adjunctive therapies such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT), and hydrotherapy have been increasingly used, yet comparative clinical evidence remains limited. This prospective clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of combined MSC-PRP therapy compared with PRP-ESWT and MSC-hydrotherapy in horses with naturally occurring SDFT lesions managed under a standardized rehabilitation program. Twelve horses with ultrasonographically confirmed SDFT tendinopathy and grade 2–4/5 forelimb lameness were randomly allocated to three treatment groups (n = 4/group): Group 1 received intralesional MSC followed by PRP injections, Group 2 received PRP combined with ESWT, and Group 3 received MSC combined with underwater treadmill hydrotherapy. Clinical and ultrasonographic assessments were performed at baseline, days 14 and 28, and weeks 12 and 24. All groups showed significant improvement in lameness scores by week 12 (p < 0.01 versus baseline), with mean AAEP scores decreasing from 3.0 ± 0.8 to 1.2 ± 0.4 in Group 1, 1.5 ± 0.5 in Group 2, and 1.3 ± 0.4 in Group 3. Lesion cross-sectional area decreased significantly over time (p < 0.001), reaching reductions of 85%, 72%, and 78% in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, by week 24. Echogenicity and fiber alignment improved most markedly in the MSC-PRP group. Return to previous performance level at 6 months was achieved in 100% of horses in Group 1 and 75% in Groups 2 and 3. No adverse events were recorded. Combined MSC-PRP therapy within a structured rehabilitation protocol may provide superior structural and functional recovery in equine SDFT tendinopathy, while PRP-ESWT and MSC-hydrotherapy repr…
subject: Articles
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subject: Surgery
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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creator: Cristian Crecan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Cristian Crecan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-09
publication date: 2026-04-09
starting page: 24
ending page: 28
doi: 10.52331/v31i2rs08

Occurrence of Ozobranchus margoi (Hirudinea), an Important Sea Turtle Ectoparasite, on a Caretta caretta Individual at Kızılot Beach, Antalya
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description: Functioning as keystone species within subtropical and Mediterranean marine ecosystems, sea turtles play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem balance, including nutrient cycling and the preservation of critical habitats such as coral reefs. However, the combined impacts of human activities such as bycatching fisheries, habitat degradation, and climate change pose significant threats to their survival. This study reports the infestation of Ozobranchus margoi and its associated pathological effects in an adult female Caretta caretta nesting at Kızılot Beach (Antalya, Türkiye) on July 10, 2025. Morphometric measurements, including curved carapace length and width, were recorded, and the general health condition of the individual was assessed. A total of 16 ectoparasites collected from the axillary region of the right front flipper were identified as O. margoi based on their morphological characteristics. Macroscopic tissue alterations, including erythema and dermal erosion, were observed at the parasite attachment sites. Species of the genus Ozobranchus are recognized as potential mechanical vectors of Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5, the causative agent of fibropapillomatosis (FP) in sea turtles. In this context, the present study highlights the importance of regular monitoring of ectoparasites and their effects on host individuals at Kızılot Beach for the conservation of sea turtle population health.
subject: Articles
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subject: Parazitology
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creator: Deniz Innal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 deniz innal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-05-20
publication date: 2026-05-20
doi: 10.52331/V31i2eg19

Septic Osteitis and Osseous Sequestration of the Distal Phalanx Associated with a Coronary Band Lesion in a Draft Horse: Clinical, Radiographic and Surgical Findings
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description: Inflammatory disorders of the distal phalanx (P3) associated with lesions of the coronary region of the hoof may involve reactive periosteal bone proliferation and focal osseous separation. This report describes a case of focal inflammatory osteal pathology of P3 in a draft horse presenting with severe forelimb lameness and a localized lesion of the coronary region. Radiographic examination revealed a longitudinal radiopaque formation with irregular margins on the dorsal aspect of P3, associated with a corresponding radiolucent area and a tract containing fluid and gas extending toward the coronary region. Surgical intervention was performed under general anesthesia. A progressive distal hoof wall resection was carried out with preservation of the coronary region, followed by evacuation of purulent material and curettage of the affected bone. A detached lamellar bone fragment consistent with focal osseous sequestration was removed, and debridement was continued until macroscopically viable bone was obtained. The excised tissues were submitted for histopathological evaluation. Hematoxylin–eosin-stained sections demonstrated lamellar bone with periosteal thickening and adjacent fibrous connective tissue showing hemorrhagic infiltration and a mixed inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly of neutrophils and macrophages. No histological evidence of neoplastic proliferation was identified. The findings were consistent with periostitis and osteitis associated with reactive exophytic bone formation and focal osseous sequestration. This case highlights the diagnostic value of radiography and the importance of complete surgical debridement in inflammatory conditions of the distal phalanx associated with lesions of the coronary region.
subject: Case reports
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subject: Medical Imaging
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subject: Surgery
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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creator: Constantin Lazar
creator: Gheorghe Solcan
creator: Vasile Vulpe
creator: Iulian Mihaila
creator: Iulia Straton
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Constantin Lazar, Gheorghe Solcan, Vasile Vulpe, Iulian Mihaila, Iulia Straton https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-09
publication date: 2026-04-09
doi: 10.52331/v31i2m363

Cervical Infectious Panniculitis in a Dog: Successful Treatment with En Bloc Excision including Jugular Vein Resection and Omentopexy
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description: Panniculitis is an inflammatory condition of the panniculus adiposus that is infrequently observed in dogs and cats. The dog presented in this report developed multiple nodules in the cervical region, some of which developed fistulous tracts and discharged serosanguineous to purulent fluid. Microbiological examination identified Staphylococcus pseudintermedius as an associated pathogen. As conservative treatment did not result in satisfactory clinical improvement, surgery was elected. Preoperative computed tomography revealed that the mass had closely adhered to the right jugular vein. Because safe and complete excision of the lesion was not feasible without the resection of the affected jugular vein, this was also performed during surgery. The greater omentum is known for its angiogenic, immunomodulatory and tissue regenerative properties. Consequently, and to cover the large defect that had resulted from the mass ablation, an omental pedicle flap was prepared, transposed to the cervical region through a subcutaneous tunnel and covered using a skin flap. Serial postoperative ultrasonographic and Doppler examinations demonstrated preserved vascularization of the omental pedicle flap. The patient recovered uneventfully, and at eight months postoperatively, the greater omentum remained in situ, and no recurrence of nodules or procedure-related complications were observed.
subject: Case reports
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subject: Medical Imaging
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subject: Surgery
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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creator: Tom Adrian Ablassmaier
creator: Lucia Bel
creator: Liviu Oana
creator: Adrian Todor
creator: Iosif Vasiu
creator: Raluca Marica
creator: Robert Purdoiu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Tom Adrian Ablassmaier, Lucia Bel, Liviu Oana, Adrian Todor, Iosif Vasiu, Raluca Marica, Robert Purdoiu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-09
publication date: 2026-04-09
doi: 10.52331/v31i1qy72

Frequency of Favorable Alleles for Meat Quality, Litter Size, Adaptation, and Growth Traits in Closed Nucleus Population of Philippine Native Swine (Sus philippensis var. markaduke)
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description: The Philippine native swine (PNS) are heritage domestic animal genetic resources for food security and geo-cultural uses. Among the PNS, the markaduke is known for the "best lechon" (roast whole pork) and comminuted pork products, moderate litter size (>8), and adaptability. Its genetic property needs assessment to develop a breeding program suited for optimum production system. A total of 67 heads (17 males & 50 females) from the 4.37+0.12 generations with inbreeding coefficient of 0.1493 +0.0167 was genotyped for meat quality using seven (7) biomarkers, three (3) biomarkers for litter size, two (2) biomarkers for adaptation, and one (1) for growth trait. The results of genotyping were tested in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and chi-square statistics. Of the seven biomarkers for meat quality, the RN, CTSD, and LEPR had genotypic frequency >50% in both sexes. Remarkably, the population expresses full presence of favorable allele for RN (100% rn, p<0.05). In terms of litter size, the most prominent allele was observed in PRLR at almost equal frequencies of 0.77 in both sexes (p<0.05). For adaptation trait, the N allele for halothane gene that command for stress tolerance was observed at frequencies or 0.97 (p>0.05). The favorable allele for growth, MYOG, was observed in heterozygote only at low frequencies of 0.08, 0.14, and 0.13 for males, females, and in combined data; respectively. These molecular findings show that the closed nucleus population of markaduke carries favorable genes necessary for genetic improvement.
subject: Articles
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subject: Reproduction, animal breeding and husbandry
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subject: Genetics
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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creator: Arnolfo Monleon
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Arnolfo Monleon https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-09
publication date: 2026-04-09
starting page: 12
ending page: 23
doi: 10.52331/v31i25p50

Histological Evaluation of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Response to Direct Contact with Titanium Screw Surface in a Rabbit Model
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description: Rabbits present biological features that make them suitable for morphological and histological investigations that allow a closer approximation to human tissue responses, particularly with respect to immune and vascular reactions. Titanium screws measuring 5 mm in length and 2 mm in diameter were inserted into the femoral bone of five 14-month-old female rabbits of a common breed, one on the right side and one on the left. Femoral segments containing the implants were subsequently harvested, fixed in 10% formalin, decalcified with trichloroacetic acid, and embedded in paraffin. Sections 5 μm thick were cut, stained using the Goldner trichrome method, and microscopically examined. At the interface between the surface of the screw head and the newly formed tissues, a separating capsule was formed through condensation of the connective tissue. Within the medullary cavity, the bone marrow that encountered the screw surface responded by gradually regenerating with tissue of the same type, and did not exhibit a significant foreign body reaction, demonstrating a remarkable tolerance toward titanium implants. This tolerance allowed peri-implant tissues to undergo repair through the formation of tissues like those present prior to surgery. The distance between the implant surface and the surrounding tissue elements did not represent a critical factor, whereas repetitive tissue movements triggered a protective response manifested by the formation of a separating capsule between the surface of the implant head and the adjacent structures.
subject: Articles
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subject: Surgery
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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subject: Anatomy and pathology
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creator: Melania Crisan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Melania Crisan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-10
publication date: 2026-03-10
starting page: 11
ending page: 15
doi: 10.52331/V31i16t27

Minimally Invasive Occlusion of Canine Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Technical Aspects and Clinical Outcomes from the first experience in Veterinary Medicine in Romania
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description: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a frequent congenital cardiovascular anomaly in dogs that can lead to significant hemodynamic consequences if left untreated. This report presents three canine cases of PDA treated by minimally invasive transcatheter closure using a Nit-Occluder® coil or an Amplatzer Vascular Plug II (AVP II) via a transjugular approach. All interventions were uneventful under general anesthesia. Complete PDA closure was achieved in two dogs along with a regression of cardiac remodeling. In one dog, residual shunting persisted following AVP II release, likely due to partial device displacement; however, the patient remained asymptomatic at long-term follow-up. Technical difficulties related to atypical ductal anatomy were encountered in one case but did not impede successful device placement. Rapid post-procedural recovery was observed in all dogs. These results suggest the clinical applicability of transcatheter PDA closure and demonstrate that both AVP II and Nit-Occluder devices represent reliable therapeutic options for canine PDA.
subject: Case reports
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subject: Medical Imaging
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subject: Surgery
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creator: Florin Leca
creator: Stefan Adrian Geanta
creator: Mihaela Claudia Ivanciu
creator: Alina Nechifor
creator: Luigi Venco
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Florin Leca, Dr. Stefan Geanta, Dr. Mihaela Ivanciu, Dr. Alina Nechifor, Dr. Luigi Venco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-05
publication date: 2026-03-05
starting page: 35
ending page: 43
doi: 10.52331/v30i39407

Spectrofluorimetric investigations of urine in cats diagnosed with renal disorders
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description: In veterinary medicine, as in human medicine, laboratory examinations complement clinical evaluations, providing highly valuable information for establishing an accurate diagnosis. In many studies, it has been noted that in feline urinary tract pathology, the importance of urine laboratory examination is often underestimated; it is either ignored or treated superficially, even though the data obtained from this examination are crucial for determining the etiology of the disease and providing a scientific basis for monitoring the instituted therapy. Nevertheless, data obtained through urinalysis are essential for establishing the etiology of the condition and for scientifically supporting the monitoring of applied therapy. The aim of this study was to reemphasize the importance of urinalysis in cats diagnosed with renal disorders and to propose urine spectrofluorometry as a novel laboratory method for the etiological diagnosis of these.
subject: Articles
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subject: Internal Medicine
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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subject: Pharmacology and Toxicology
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creator: Mariana Tataru
creator: Alina Rotarescu
creator: Radu Lacatus
creator: Cristiana Novac
creator: Ionel Papuc
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mariana Tataru, Alina Rotarescu, Radu Lacatus, Cristiana Novac, Ionel Papuc https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-10
publication date: 2026-03-10
starting page: 24
ending page: 30
doi: 10.52331/V31i1h812

Hepato and nephroprotective effects of aqueous extract of Citrullus lanatus (Linn.) juice in gentamicin-overdosed commercial broiler chickens
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description: This study evaluated hepato- and nephroprotective potentials of Citrullus lanatus juice (CLJ) on gentamicin-overdosed broilers. Eighty broilers were used for this experiment; fifty broilers were used to confirm gentamicin toxic dose with liver function assay. While thirty broilers were reared from day old to thirty-five days, randomly distributed into six groups with five birds per group. Broilers in group A received 1.0mL/kg normal saline; group B received 45mg/kg gentamicin intramuscularly; group C received 200mg/kg Vitamin C orally. groups received D, E, and F:100, 200, and 400mg/kg of CLJ respectively orally for 14 days later received single dose 45mg/kg gentamicin intramuscularly. Statistical analysis was performed to assess significant differences among groups. Body weights were compared on days 35 and 49. Blood chemistry for liver and kidney functions were examined, liver and kidney pathologies were evaluated at day 49. There was significant increase in body weight of 400-treated birds unlike decreased body weight in GM-treated birds at day 49. There were significant decrease in Na+, Creatinine and Uric acids but increase in K+ in 400–treated birds compared with gentamicin-treated birds. There were liver and kidney pathological damages in gentamicin-treated birds. These impairments were resolved in 400-treated birds. The hepatoprotection and nephroprotection may be due to ascorbic acids and flavonoids present in CLJ. This may have provided antioxidant effects for restoration of liver and kidney pathological changes in 400-treated birds. This study shows that 400mg/kg CLJ may improve body weight and reversed gentamicin-overdose damages in liver and kidney of broilers.
subject: Articles
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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subject: Pharmacology and Toxicology
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creator: OLUKAYODE GBOLAHAN AKINTUNDE
creator: Christianah Oluwakemi Korede
creator: Samson A Rahman
creator: Ademola A. Oyagbemi
creator: Salihu Akanni Ameen
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Akintunde O. Gbolahan, Dr. Korede C. Oluwakemi , Raman S.A, Prof. Oyagbemi A.A., Prof. Ameen S.A. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-09
publication date: 2026-04-09
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.52331/vol31i2w863

Intramammary bacterial profile and its impact on the number and differential distribution of somatic cells in the context of drying off in dairy cows
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description: Mastitis remains one of the most significant conditions in dairy cattle farms, with major consequences for animal health and milk quality. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intramammary infections (IMI) and to analyze the relationship between the pathogens involved, the total somatic cell count (SCC), and their differential distribution (DSCC) in two family-owned farms of Romanian Spotted cows, evaluated before and after drying-off. A total of 140 milk samples were collected and analyzed using standard microbiological examinations, as well as SCC and DSCC determinations by flow cytometry. The results revealed an overall IMI prevalence of 32.9%, with differences between the two farms: in Farm 1, major pathogens predominated (Streptococcus agalactiae, S. uberis, S. dysgalactiae, Escherichia coli), whereas in Farm 2, minor pathogens were more frequently isolated (coagulase-negative staphylococci, Corynebacterium spp.). The mean SCC value was significantly higher in positive samples (807,557 cells/mL) compared to negative samples (98,243 cells/mL), with the highest values associated with E. coli infections. Similarly, DSCC showed marked differences between uninfected (26.2%) and positive samples (68.4%), with a tentative threshold of 65% suggested as indicative of intramammary infection. The results confirm the utility of combining SCC and DSCC for more accurate mastitis detection and highlight the importance of pathogen characterization at the farm level to optimize management strategies and apply selective therapy at drying-off.
subject: Articles
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subject: Reproduction, animal breeding and husbandry
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subject: Microbiology, Virology and Infectious Diseases
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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creator: Ionela-Delia Ut
creator: Daniel Berean
creator: Simona Ciupe
creator: Stefan Coman
creator: Liviu Bogdan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ionela-Delia Ut, Daniel Berean, Simona Ciupe, Stefan Coman, Liviu Bogdan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-10
publication date: 2026-03-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.52331/v31i1kv49

Symmetric Dimethylarginine (SDMA) as a Predictor of Anemia in Early Canine Kidney Dysfunction
type: item
description: Traditional markers such as creatinine and BUN have limited sensitivity for detecting early kidney dysfunction, whereas symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) offers a more reliable indication of reduced glomerular filtration rate. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs is often associated with anemia due to decreased erythropoietin production, but the relationship between SDMA levels and anemia severity remains unclear. This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed canine patients presented to INI Veterinary Service, Surabaya, Indonesia, between January 2024 and August 2025, with available complete blood counts and renal function profiles including SDMA, creatinine, and hematocrit (HCT). Anemia severity was classified by HCT values, renal dysfunction was staged according to IRIS criteria, and statistical analyses included Chi-square testing, regression modeling, and ROC curve analysis. Among 157 dogs, anemia was present in 28.2% of cases and increased in prevalence and severity with advancing CKD stage. SDMA concentrations were significantly higher in dogs with severe anemia, yet regression analysis revealed that SDMA, creatinine, and age were not independent predictors of anemia severity. ROC analysis showed moderate discriminatory ability of SDMA (AUC 0.666), with high specificity (81.2%) but limited sensitivity (56.8%). In conclusion, anemia in dogs was more frequent and severe in advanced CKD, but SDMA was not an independent predictor after adjusting for creatinine and age. While ROC analysis suggests SDMA may serve as a supportive “rule-in” biomarker, it lacks sensitivity to function as a standalone diagnostic tool.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Internal Medicine
  topic: category
subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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subject: Pharmacology and Toxicology
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creator: Sherly Leilany
creator: Sebastian Emmanuel Willyanto
creator: Iwan Willyanto
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Sherly Leilany, Sebastian Emmanuel Willyanto, Iwan Willyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-10
publication date: 2026-03-10
starting page: 16
ending page: 23
doi: 10.52331/v31i1gy09

A Comparative Evaluation of the Anesthetic Efficacy and Hepatic Safety of Tiletamine-Zolazepam and Ketamine-Diazepam in New Zealand White Rabbits
type: item
description: This study aimed to compare the anesthetic efficacy, physiological stability, and hepatic effects of tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) versus ketamine-diazepam (KD) in rabbits. Forty healthy male New Zealand White rabbits (2–3 kg) were randomly assigned into five groups: a saline control, three tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) dose groups (32, 7.5, and 3.5 mg/kg IV), and a ketamine-diazepam (KD) group (20 + 1 mg/kg IV). Anesthetic depth, duration, and physiological parameters were monitored for 60 minutes. Blood samples were collected before anesthesia and on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 post-injection to assess liver function. The TZ-High group (32 mg/kg) exhibited the longest duration of anesthesia but also showed severe cardiorespiratory depression, characterized by a significant drop in respiratory rate and heart rate. Furthermore, this group displayed marked elevations in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels at 24 and 72 hours, indicating significant hepatotoxicity. In contrast, the KD and TZ-Mid groups provided adequate anesthesia with better physiological stability and minimal biochemical alterations. It is concluded that while high-dose tiletamine-zolazepam provides prolonged anesthesia, it induces severe and unacceptable hepatotoxicity and cardiorespiratory distress in rabbits. The combination of ketamine-diazepam or a mid-range dose of tiletamine-zolazepam offers a safer alternative for procedures in rabbits.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Anaesthesiology
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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creator: Flavia Pradhan
creator: Rajesh Tharu
creator: Jyoti Chaudhary
creator: Akash Adhikari
creator: Sujan Adhikari
creator: Dibina Kaini
creator: Roshik Shrestha
creator: Khema Pandey
creator: Sanjay Paudel
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Flavia Pradhan, Rajesh Tharu, Jyoti Chaudhary, Akash Adhikari, Sujan Adhikari, Dibina Kaini, Roshik Shrestha, Khema Pandey, Sanjay Paudel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-05
publication date: 2026-03-05
starting page: 21
ending page: 29
doi: 10.52331/v30i3pr13

Integration of Differential and Total Somatic Cell Counts for Udder Health Classification: Association with Milk Lactose Concentration
type: item
description: Mastitis is one of the most important diseases in dairy cattle, impairing milk yield, composition, and animal welfare. Somatic cell count (SCC) is the traditional indicator of udder health, but it does not provide information on leukocyte composition. Differential Somatic Cell Count complements SCC by quantifying the proportion of neutrophils and lymphocytes, improving mastitis detection and characterization. Lactose, the main carbohydrate, is a potential biomarker of mammary epithelial integrity and declines during intramammary inflammation. This study aimed to classify milk samples based on combined SCC and DSCC thresholds and to evaluate the association between udder health status and lactose concentration. A total of 1,083 milk samples were collected from 50 multiparous Romanian Spotted cows housed in a free-stall system with an automated milking robot over a two-year period. Sixteen samples (1.5%) could not be classified due to missing or invalid SCC/DSCC values and were excluded from group comparisons. The remaining 1,067 samples were classified as healthy udder ( DSCC<75%, SCC<200.000), subclinical mastitis (DSCC>75%, SCC<200.000), clinical mastitis (DSCC>=75%, SCC>200.000), or chronic mastitis (DSCC<75%,SCC>=200.000). Mean lactose concentration was 4.82+-0.37%(range 1.94-5.31%) and decreased progressively from healthy udders to chronic mastitis. The Kruskal-Wallis test confirmed significant differences among groups, with Dunn's post-hoc tests showing significantly lower lactose in clinical and chronic mastitis compared with healthy udders. Lactose was negatively correlated with SCC and DSCC, whereas DSCC and SCC were strongly positively correlated. These findings demonstrate that lactose concentration is a sensitive indicator of udder health, and its integration with SCC and DSCC provides a robust, non-invasive approach for early detection and monitoring of intramammary inflammation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Reproduction, animal breeding and husbandry
  topic: category
subject: Microbiology, Virology and Infectious Diseases
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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creator: Daniela Elena Babiciu
creator: Anamaria Blaga Petrean
creator: Silvana Popescu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Daniela Elena Babiciu, Anamaria Blaga Petrean, Silvana Popescu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-05
publication date: 2026-03-05
starting page: 30
ending page: 35
doi: 10.52331/v30i3hw20

Impact of early phytobiotic and prebiotic supplementation on growth performance trajectories in broiler chickens: a time × treatment interaction study
type: item
description: Abstract This study evaluated the effects of early dietary supplementation with phytobiotic (nettle flour) and phytobiotic–prebiotic (alfalfa flour) additives on the growth performance of Ross 308 broiler chickens. A total of 90 one-day-old chicks were allocated to three dietary treatment groups (control, nettle, and alfalfa), each consisting of 30 birds in three replicates of 10 birds. Feed additives were administered during the first 7 days post-hatch, followed by a common basal diet across all groups until day 35. Body weight was recorded on days 7, 21, and 35. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA with interaction, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, and Welch's ANOVA to account for heteroscedasticity and non-normal distributions. Significant treatment effects were observed at all time points, with a marked divergence emerging by day 35 (F(2, 87) = 138.78, p < 0.0001). Post-hoc analyses confirmed that nettle flour led to the greatest increase in body weight compared to both the control and alfalfa groups (p < 0.001). The alfalfa group exhibited a moderate but statistically significant effect (p < 0.05). Two-way ANOVA revealed a strong treatment × time interaction (F = 90.93, p < 0.0001), indicating that the efficacy of the additives varied across developmental stages. OLS regression confirmed the robustness of the model (R² = 0.957), with the "Nettle × Day 35" interaction contributing an estimated +715 g gain in body weight over the control. These findings highlight the potential of short-term early phytobiotic and prebiotic supplementation to produce long-term enhancements in broiler growth performance. Nettle flour, in particular, demonstrated superior efficacy, suggesting its potential as a functional feed additive in intensive poultry systems.
subject: Articles
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creator: Adrian Cimpean
creator: Turdor Nicolae Pojar
creator: Giulia Maris
creator: Ilie Antal
creator: Mihai Marian Borzan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Adrian Cimpean https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-10
publication date: 2026-03-10
starting page: 31
ending page: 38
doi: 10.52331/v31i13975

Emerging Biomarkers in Canine Glaucoma: Insights into Clinical, Genetic, Oxidative, and Inflammatory Pathways
type: item
description: Canine glaucoma is a complex ocular disorder characterized by the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and specific optic nerve damage, often resulting in permanent blindness in affected dogs. Recent advancements emphasize the importance of various biomarkers in understanding the development and progression of canine glaucoma, especially concerning clinical signs, genetics, oxidative stress, and inflammation pathways. An imbalance between the production and drainage of aqueous humor significantly impacts intraocular pressure (IOP), a key factor in managing glaucoma. Oxidative stress has emerged as a key contributor to RGC degeneration in canine glaucoma, mirroring findings in human studies, where it is implicated in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. The interaction between oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the aqueous humor reflects a complex biomarker network with potential diagnostic and therapeutic value. The identification of genetic biomarkers, including enzyme and protein variants, also indicates a move toward molecular methods for evaluating glaucoma risk across different dog breeds. Understanding these interconnected factors offers valuable insights into novel treatments and preventative measures, including genetic screening, oxidative stress monitoring, employing anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective therapies. Continued biomarker research is essential for improving clinical outcomes in canine glaucoma and may also offer translational relevance to human glaucomatous diseases, thereby broadening future therapeutic possibilities.
subject: Reviews
  topic: section
subject: Internal Medicine
  topic: category
subject: Pharmacology and Toxicology
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creator: Luh Made Nanda Ayuni
creator: ida Tjahajati
creator: Ida Fitriana
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Luh Made Nanda Ayuni, ida Tjahajati, Ida Fitriana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-10
publication date: 2026-03-10
starting page: 39
ending page: 47
doi: 10.52331/V31i1dz34

Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty for management of pulmonic stenosis in four dogs: First experience in Veterinary Medicine in Romania
type: item
description: Pulmonic stenosis (PS) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases (CHD) in dogs, accounting for approximately 32% of all congenital cardiac defects diagnosed in this species [9]. If severe and left undiagnosed or untreated, PS can lead to signs of right-sided congestive heart failure (R-CHF) and, ultimately, death [7]. This paper describes aspects of the palliative management of PS using percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty (BVP) in four dogs, which, to the authors' knowledge, has not been previously performed in Romania. The minimally invasive procedures were performed between December 2021 and February 2023, at the first Interventional Veterinary Radiology Laboratory in Romania., specialized and optimised for Interventional Veterinary Cardiology (Doctor's Vet Univers Clinic, Bucharest). All patients were referred for signs of exercise intolerance or syncope due to haemodinamic effects of PS. The population included 2 females and 2 males aged between 18 and 72 months. Three dogs who underwent BVP showed a reduction in pressure gradient between 28 and 50 percent and a positive outcome. In one dog, the BPV failed to reduce the pressure gradient, and the patient subsequently suffered a sudden cardiac death (SCD). These findings are comparable with previously reported data in the literature and support the use of BVP as an effective palliative option for managing PS in dogs. Although the learning curve is important for improving outcomes, continued experience remains crucial for achieving consistent success.
subject: Case reports
  topic: section
subject: Medical Imaging
  topic: category
subject: Surgery
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creator: Florin Leca
creator: Altin Cala
creator: Stefan Adrian Geanta
creator: Mihaela Claudia Ivanciu
creator: Alina Nechifor
creator: Ana Maria Vlas
creator: Luigi Venco
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Florin Leca, Dr. Altin Cala, Dr. Stefan Geanta, Dr. Mihaela Ivanciu, Dr. Alina Nechifor, Dr. Ana Maria Vlas, Dr. Luigi Venco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 61
ending page: 66
doi: 10.52331/v30i2d79

Evaluation of Reproductive Status in Romanian Buffalo Farms Using Ultrasonographic Monitoring
type: item
description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproductive status of buffaloes from two farms in Romania by means of transrectal ultrasonography, with the intent to provide practical insights for both farmers and veterinary professionals. A total of 336–352 buffalo cows were examined at Farm A (Arad County, Romania), and 178–183 at Farm B (Brașov County, Romania), during the spring and autumn of 2024. Farm A implemented artificial insemination (AI) based on natural estrus detection, while Farm B relied on natural mating, with an approximate bull to female ratio of 1:25. The results indicated superior reproductive performance in Farm B, demonstrated by a shorter calving interval (428–431 days) and a reduced service period (125–129 days), in comparison with Farm A (445–448 days and 136–142 days, respectively; p < 0.05). The average number of inseminations per conception in Farm A was 1.6–1.7, and the incidence of postpartum endometritis was slightly higher (1.0–1.2%) than in the naturally mated group (0.3–0.5%). Transrectal ultrasonography proved indispensable for the accurate diagnosis of gestational stages, ovarian structures, and uterine pathologies, enabling the classification of buffaloes into well defined reproductive groups. These findings suggest that, under local management conditions, well structured natural mating can surpass the efficiency of standalone AI, highlighting the importance of accurate estrus detection, strict hygiene protocols, and periodic reproductive monitoring in optimizing fertility and overall herd productivity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Reproduction, animal breeding and husbandry
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subject: Array
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creator: Daniel Berean
creator: Stefan Coman
creator: Raluca Cimpean
creator: Simona Ciupe
creator: Liviu Bogdan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Daniel Berean, Stefan Coman, Raluca Cimpean, Simona Ciupe, Liviu Bogdan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-05
publication date: 2026-03-05
starting page: 16
ending page: 23
doi: 10.52331/v30i33q42

Evaluation of 14-3-3σ as a Prognostic Marker in Canine Mammary Tumors
type: item
description: 14-3-3σ is a regulatory protein involved in cell cycle control and has been implicated in both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting roles, depending on the biological context. While extensively studied in human cancers, limited information is available regarding its expression in canine mammary gland tumors. This study aimed to assess the immunohistochemical expression of 14-3-3σ in canine mammary tumors and evaluate its potential association with malignancy indicators such as histological grade and mitotic index. A total of 62 tumor samples were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, and the area of 14-3-3σ expression was digitally quantified. Statistical comparisons were performed using non-parametric tests. An inverse trend was observed between 14-3-3σ expression and both tumor grade (p = 0.051) and mitotic (p = 0.0090) activity. These findings suggest a potential link between decreased 14-3-3σ expression and increased malignancy, supporting its relevance as a candidate prognostic marker in canine mammary tumors. Further studies with larger cohorts are needed to validate these observations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Anatomy and pathology
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creator: Ana Hiruta
creator: Andrada Negoescu
creator: Zoltán-Miklós GÁL
creator: Alexandru-Raul Pop
creator: Cornel Cătoi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ana Hiruta, Andrada Negoescu, Zoltán-Miklós GÁL , Alexandru Raul Pop, Cornel Cătoi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 39
ending page: 44
doi: 10.52331/v30i20s71

Effect of partial substitution of prickly pear seed meal (Opuntia ficus indica L.) on serum biochemical parameters and intestinal microbiota in broiler chickens
type: item
description: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of prickly pear seed (PPS) cake on biochemical parameter and gut microbiota in broiler chickens. One hundred and fifty 1-day-old broiler chicks were allocated into 5 groups with 3 replicates of 10 birds per group. The experimental groups received the diets substituted with 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% prickly pear seeds meal of OFI during a 6-week. At 45 d of age, five chickens were randomly selected from each treatment group. After 12 h of feed withdrawal, serum and cecal samples were collected use for biochemical parameters assay and PCR Amplification. The results of serum lipid parameters shown that the different PPS dietary treatments significantly (P<0.05) reduced the concentration of glucose concentration, total proteins total cholesterol, and lipidemia compared to control group of broiler chickens. It showed significantly decreased (P < 0.05) liver enzymatic activity in treated group with PPS cake compared to control group of broiler chickens. Also, ionogram showed that values of Mg, P, and Ca reduced significantly (P<0.05) after treatment of chickens with PPS cake concentrations compared to control group. At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the major groups of microorganisms in the gut of broiler chickens received PPS cake diet. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that PPS cake can have a protective effect on the kidney and liver function of chickens. Also, it found that broiler chickens treated with PPS cake meal exhibited a variety of phylum and genus in gut microbiota.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
  topic: category
subject: Pharmacology and Toxicology
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creator: Moncef Benteboula
creator: Jean-Luc Hornick
creator: Omar Besseboua
creator: El-Hacene Balla
creator: Amel Bouzenad
creator: Lamia Taourirt
creator: Nadir Boudjlal Dergal
creator: kalman Imre
creator: Mirela Imre
creator: Ulas Acaroz
creator: Damla Arslan Acaroz
creator: Abdelhanine Ayad
creator: Isabelle Dufrasne
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Moncef Benteboula, Jean-Luc Hornick, Omar Besseboua, El-Hacene Balla, Amel Bouzenad, Lamia Taourirt, Nadir Boudjlal Dergal, kalman Imre , Mirela Imre , Ulas Acaroz, Damla Arslan Acaroz, Abdelhanine Ayad, Isabelle Dufrasne https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-05
publication date: 2026-03-05
starting page: 1
ending page: 13
doi: 10.52331/v30i3wr63

The First Spermatological Examination of New Commercial Fish Species of the Mediterranean: Randall’s Threadfin Bream, Nemipterus randalli Russell, 1986
type: item
description: Determining spermatological characteristics in fish is critical for understanding species' reproductive biology, protecting fish stocks, increasing reproductive success, and ensuring fish farming efficiency. While reproductive biology research on native fish species of Mediterranean is restricted, there is no information on the spermatological characteristics of invasive Mediterranean species. Samples were collected from trawl surveys conducted in the Gulf of Antalya (Mediterranean-Turkey) between March and April 2024. The fish samples were promptly transported to the laboratory at the Department of Biology, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University. The individuals' sex determination, lengths, and weights were recorded. 17 (65.38%) males, 9 (34.62%) females were determined. Male specimens of N. randalli, ranging in size from 19 to 27.2 cm in total length and weighing between 80 and 270.5 g, were analyzed. Nemipterus randalli sperm viability and concentration were evaluated. Male fish gonads were handled, and testes were dissected in a tube containing 1 ml PBS. Sperm concentration was done with haemocytometric method. The viability of spermatozoa was analysed using a Cytoflex Flow Cytometry device and a Sybr-14/PI double staining method. Spermatozoa concentration of male individuals obtained from the Gulf of Antalya was 160.0±45.63 × 106 spz/ml and the viability rate were 51.71±17.01%. As a result, some spermatological characteristics of Nemipterus randalli, which is recorded as an invasive species and has a serious economic value, were revealed for the first time.
subject: Articles
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creator: Şükrü GÜNGÖR
creator: FEYZA NUR MART
creator: MUHAMMED ENES İNANÇ
creator: DENİZ İNNAL
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Assoc. Prof. Şükrü GÜNGÖR, Feyza Nur MART, Prof. Dr. Muhammed Enes İnanç, Prof. Dr. Deniz İnnal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 45
ending page: 54
doi: 10.52331/v30i2881

The Impact of Colostrum on Immune System Development in Newborn Lambs
type: item
description: Colostrum is essential for passive immunity and early health in newborn lambs. This study examined the relationship between colostrum refractometric values and neonatal health outcomes—hypothermia, diarrhea, and body weight—in Turcana lambs from primiparous, second-parity, and third-parity ewes. Colostrum quality was evaluated using a refractometer, followed by statistical analyses (ANOVA and Pearson correlation analyses were conducted. The results showed no statistically significant differences in colostrum refractometric values across neonatal health conditions (F = 2.97, p = 0.116), though a trend indicated lower values in lambs with diarrhea. ANOVA analysis of body weight across health conditions found no significant differences (F = 2.13, p = 0.189). The Pearson correlation between colostrum refractometric values and body weight was weak and statistically non-significant (r = 0.226, p = 0.530). In third-parity ewes, colostrum values did not differ significantly between healthy and diarrhea-affected lambs (F = 0.47, p = 0.511). These findings indicate that although colostrum quality is essential for immunity, neonatal health is also shaped by maternal care, environmental factors, and pathogen exposure. The study underscores the need for comprehensive lamb management strategies, including optimizing colostrum intake, ensuring adequate maternal nutrition, and maintaining hygiene to improve neonatal survival and growth [8]. Further research should explore genetic and environmental factors affecting early lamb development to enhance overall health and productivity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Reproduction, animal breeding and husbandry
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creator: Adrian Cimpean
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Adrian Cimpean https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-04-02
publication date: 2025-04-02
starting page: 41
ending page: 49
doi: 10.52331/cvj.v30i1.15

The impact of oxidative stress on growth performance and metabolic health in broiler chickens
type: item
description: Oxidative stress is a significant factor that negatively impacts poultry health and performance. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of oxidative stress on growth performance and metabolic health in broiler chickens. A total of 240 one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to three experimental groups (n = 80 per group): Control (CON) – normal rearing conditions, Mild Oxidative Stress (MOS) – exposure to 0.05% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in drinking water, and Severe Oxidative Stress (SOS) – exposure to 0.1% H₂O₂ in drinking water and heat stress (35°C for 4 hours/day) from Day 14 to Day 42. Growth performance parameters (body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and mortality) were recorded weekly, while blood samples were collected on Days 21 and 42 for biochemical analysis. The results indicated that the CON group consistently had the highest body weight, followed by the MOS and SOS groups. Feed conversion efficiency was significantly lower in SOS (p < 0.05), indicating reduced feed utilization. Mortality rates increased progressively in MOS and SOS, with the highest rates in SOS (7% by Week 6, p < 0.05). Biochemical analysis revealed no significant differences in serum glucose and cholesterol, but triglyceride levels were significantly lower in MOS, and total protein levels were highest in MOS, followed by CON and SOS. Oxidative stress negatively affects broiler growth, feed efficiency, and survival, with severe oxidative stress causing the most detrimental effects. These findings underscore the importance of managing oxidative stress in broiler production to ensure optimal performance and metabolic health.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Reproduction, animal breeding and husbandry
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creator: Adrian Cimpean
creator: Mihai Marian Brozan
creator: Tudor Nicolae Pojar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Adrian Cimpean, Mihai Marian Brozan, Tudor Nicolae Pojar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-04-02
publication date: 2025-04-02
starting page: 19
ending page: 31
doi: 10.52331/cvj..v30i1.52

Effects of whey and yogurt administration on piglet growth, health, and survival during the first 21 days of life
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description: Neonatal piglets are vulnerable to health challenges that can impact growth and survival. This study investigated the effects of whey and yogurt supplementation on piglet growth performance, health status, and survival during the first 21 days of life. A total of 30 piglets were randomly assigned to two groups: an experimental group (n = 15), which received whey and yogurt in addition to a standard diet, and a control group (n = 15), which followed a standard diet of breast milk and complementary food. The experimental group received 5 ml/piglet/day of whey and 2 ml/piglet/day of yogurt from days 1 to 7, with quantities increasing to 10 ml and 5 ml/piglet/day, respectively, from days 8 to 21. Growth performance was assessed by measuring body weight on days 1, 7, 14, and 21, while health parameters, including incidence of diarrhea and respiratory infections, were monitored throughout the study. Hematological and biochemical parameters were analyzed at the end of the experiment. The results showed that piglets in the experimental group exhibited a higher average body weight (2.17 kg) compared to the control group (1.95 kg), with a 14% greater weight gain. Health outcomes also improved, with the experimental group showing lower incidences of diarrhea (10% vs. 30%) and respiratory infections (5% vs. 15%). Additionally, hematological analysis revealed lower leukocyte counts, reduced inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and fibrinogen), and higher total protein and albumin levels in the experimental group, suggesting improved immune function and metabolic health. Although the statistical significance of these differences was not conclusive (p > 0.05), the biological relevance is clear. These findings suggest that whey and yogurt supplementation may be a beneficial dietary intervention for enhancing growth, immunity, and overall health in neonatal piglets. Further research with a larger sample size is recommended to validate these findings.
subject: Articles
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subject: Reproduction, animal breeding and husbandry
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creator: Adrian Cimpean
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Adrian Cimpean https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-04-02
publication date: 2025-04-02
starting page: 32
ending page: 40
doi: 10.52331/cvj.v30i1.34

Pathological findings of an eye anomaly in Randall's threadfin bream Nemipterus randalli Russell, 1986 from the Mediterranean Sea (Antalya Gulf-Türkiye)
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description: Genetic, environmental and nutritional conditions seriously affect the health of natural fish stocks. In addition, increasing human pressure on aquatic systems in recent years is threatening fish populations. Under the influence of increasing environmental pressures and other factors, different types of abnormalities are observed in fish. Among these, morphological abnormalities, pigmentation abnormalities, eye abnormalities, visceral abnormalities and reproductive abnormalities are commonly observed. There is limited information on eye abnormalities in Mediterranean fish species. In the present study, the body abnormality observed in a trawl-caught specimen of Randall's threadfin bream, in which the eyes were missing, and its causes are reported and the pathological findings discussed.
subject: Articles
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creator: Şükrü GÜNGÖR
creator: Özlem ÖZMEN
creator: Deniz İNNAL
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Assoc. Prof. Dr., Prof. Dr. Ozlem OZMEN, Prof. Dr. Deniz Innal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 55
ending page: 60
doi: 10.52331/c5grsk31

Epidemiology of gastrointestinal proliferative neoplastic-like lesions and tumors in dogs and cats: a retrospective study in two Romanian reference laboratories
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description: Gastrointestinal neoplasms are rare in dogs and cats, primarily comprising adenocarcinomas, lymphomas, leiomyomas, leiomyosarcomas, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). In the current literature epidemiological data are scars. The aim of this study was to identify the epidemiological and the pathological features of these neoplasms in dogs and cats. Epidemiological data were collected from the databases of two laboratories in Romania, covering a period of 10 years. A total of 192 cases of neoplastic and neoplastic-like lesions were selected and subjected to statistical analysis. Older animals were more predisposed for chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy (CHPG) (mean age of 11.14 years) and gastric polyps (mean age of 9.6 years), while younger individuals showed a higher incidence for feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (FGIESF), with a mean age of 7.25 years for the lesions located in the stomach and 5.25 years in the intestine. Additionally, CHPG and FGIESF were more prevalent in males. Dogs were the main species affected by benign neoplasms, including adenomas (22%) and adenomatous polyps/pedunculated adenomas (5%), primarily located in the anorectal junction, as well as leiomyomas (8%) with gastric involvement. In dogs, malignant neoplasms accounted for 69%, with adenocarcinomas representing 39%, followed by lymphomas (12%), and GIST (9%). In cats, 98.82% of neoplasms were represented by malignant tumors, with lymphomas being the most frequently diagnosed (77%). Both adenocarcinomas in dogs and lymphomas in cats were more common in males, accounting for 61.76% and 52.31% of cases, respectively, with the intestine being the most frequently affected site. This is the first epidemiological study in Romania to examine both the gastrointestinal tract in dogs and cats, including neoplastic-like lesions. The definitive diagnosis of gastrointestinal masses requires histological and molecular analyses.
subject: Articles
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subject: Pathology and Pathophysiology
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creator: Andrada Negoescu
creator: Cristina-Diana Borfalău
creator: Claudiu Gal
creator: Marian Taulescu
creator: Cornel Cătoi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Andrada Negoescu, Cristina-Diana Borfalău, Claudiu Gal, Marian Taulescu, Cornel Cătoi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-19
publication date: 2025-03-19
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.52331/cvj.v30i1.91

Melatonin protects rats against bisphenol A-induced testicular dysfunction through the upregulation of α-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and S-100 proteins
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description: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used chemical in the plastic industry and a known endocrine disruptor which causes reproductive toxicity in animals. Also, melatonin is an antioxidant that can alleviate the toxicity caused by endocrine disruptors. Previous studies have demonstrated that melatonin protects the male reproductive functions. However, the protective mechanisms of melatonin are not well elucidated. This study investigated how melatonin protects against BPA-induced testicular dysfunction in rats. Forty male Wistar rats were grouped randomly into four. Animals in group A (control) received 0.2 mL of olive oil orally, B: melatonin (10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally, C: BPA (10 mg/kg) orally, and D: co-exposed with BPA and melatonin. All rats were treated daily for 45 days. Testicular samples were harvested and analysed on the 46th day. Results from this study showed that melatonin prevented the BPA-induced testicular necrosis and distortion of spermatozoa flagellar axoneme arrangement in the co-exposed rats. In addition, the induction of alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and S-100 proteins in the testes was significantly reduced in the BPA alone-treated rats. The melatonin upregulated the proteins in the co-treated group. Increased expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and S-100 proteins in normal tissue have been associated with effective regulation of fibroblast contractile activity, cell migration and metastasis, and apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation in different cell types, respectively. Therefore, our findings provide insights into the protective mechanisms of melatonin against the bisphenol A-induced reproductive toxicity.
subject: Articles
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subject: Reproduction, animal breeding and husbandry
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subject: Pharmacology and Toxicology
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subject: Anatomy and pathology
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creator: Olumide Samuel Ajani
creator: Samuel Gbadebo Olukole
creator: Matthew Olugbenga Oyeyemi
creator: Ekundayo Stephen Samuel
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Olumide Samuel Ajani, Samuel Gbadebo Olukole, Matthew Olugbenga Oyeyemi, Ekundayo Stephen Samuel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 9
ending page: 25
doi: 10.52331/v30i2512

Concurrent Adrenal and Pituitary Adenomas in a Dog: A Case Report of Cushing's Disease
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description: Neoplasms of endocrine organs occur in all animal species and are more commonly observed in dogs, cats, and horses. The simultaneous occurrence of pituitary and adrenal gland neoplasia can appear isolated or as a part of multiple endocrine neoplasias-like syndromes. This report describes a case of isolated simultaneous neoplasia of the pituitary and adrenal glands in a dog, leading to the development of Cushing's disease. The necropsy revealed a large adenoma 2.5 cm of the pituitary gland and medullary neoplasia of the left adrenal gland. This case, due to its rarity and complexity, presents a significant interest for the veterinary community.
subject: Case reports
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subject: Anatomy and pathology
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creator: Ecaterina Semzenisi
creator: Romelia Pop
creator: Dragoș Hodor
creator: Alexandra Morar
creator: Ibrahima Mamadou Sall
creator: Flaviu Tabaran
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ecaterina Semzenisi, Dr Romelia Pop, Dragoș Hodor, Alexandra Morar, Ibrahima Mamadou Sall, Alexandru-Flaviu Tăbăran https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-19
publication date: 2025-03-19
starting page: 50
ending page: 55
doi: 10.52331/cvj.v30i1.73

Case Report Endovascular single-chamber pacemaker implantation using active fixation in a 8 years old Dogue de Bordeaux with presumed Persistent Atrial Standstill: the first case documented in Romania
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description: Background: Symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in dogs can lead to sever hemodynamical compromise due to impaired oxygen and nutrients delivery and even sudden cardiac death. In cases refractory to medical therapy the heart rate and therefore the cardiac output are maintained in physiological ranges using artificial external, internal and temporary (emergency situations) or internal and permanent cardiac pacing. Methods: This case report documents the implantation of a permanent transvenous Pacemaker using active fixation, for the first time in Romania in a 8 years old canine Dogue de Bordeaux with a suspicion (on surface electrocardiography) of Persistent Atrial Standstill. The diagnostic in this atrial muscular dystrophy requires differentiation from Atrial Fibrillation with Third Degree Atrioventricular Block using Cardiac Mapping, but in emergency situations or progressive Congestive Heart Failure the decision to implant the pacemaker should be based on the hemodynamical effects of the dysrhythmia and the definitive diagnostic should be made during the implantation of the device. Results: We succesfully implanted in this case a transvenous ventricular Solia S60 lead at the level of the 1/2 distance between the mid-septal and right ventricular apex that was connected to the subcutaneousely placed Pulse Generator (Enitra 6 SR). The survival after the procedure was 202 days (6 months and 18 days) and the patient's death was not related to a cardiac cause. The necropsy showed that the active fixation in this case was preserved and there were not identified any local rejections of the lead or at the site of the pulse generator. Conclusions: The outcome of the patient was positive regarding the described cardiac function in this case and the clinical signs went into remission shortly after the pacing.
subject: Case reports
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subject: Medical Imaging
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subject: Surgery
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subject: Internal Medicine
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creator: Florin Leca
creator: Stefan Adrian Geanta
creator: Mihaela Claudia Bolintineanu
creator: Eusebiu Ionut Condurachi
creator: Alina Nechifor
creator: Daniel Barsan
creator: Florica Bărbuceanu
creator: Nicu Caplea
creator: Diana Caraza
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Florin Leca, Dr. Stefan Geanta, Dr. Mihaela Bolintineanu, Dr. Eusebiu Condurachi, Dr. Alina Nechifor, Dr. Daniel Barsan, Dr. Florica Bărbuceanu, Nicu Caplea, Diana Caraza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-30
publication date: 2024-12-30
starting page: 25
ending page: 34
doi: 10.52331/v29i4x55